Guards vs Vigilantes: The Effect of Rule Enforcement Strategies on Sustainable Use Norms in Common Property
Alessandro Tavoni  1, 2@  
1 : London School of Economics  (LSE)  -  Website
2 : Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna  (UNIBO)  -  Website
Università di Bologna Via Zamboni, 33 - 40126 Bologna -  Italy

This paper uses replicator dynamics to compare the steady states arising from two types of common property regimes - one in which over-exploiters are punished by the resource users themselves, and another where enforcement is handled by guards who collect a tax from the users. The use of guards requires a less restrictive set of parametric conditions in order to maintain an equilibrium with no over-exploiters. However, it can also stabilize an outcome in which all users over-exploit and are punished, but not enough to induce more cooperation (less resource extraction). These results can be used in guiding and structuring the formation of new common property regimes. 


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